Giant Willow Aphid Tuberolachnus salignus
Giant Willow Aphids Tuberolachnus salignus, North Elmham railway (Norfolk, UK), 8th October 2021
The individual in the last two photos above were taken home in order to check the ID if photos taken in the field proved insufficient. I had intended to retain an adult, but it turned out that this wasn't, however fortunately it moulted into an alate a few days later:
Giant Willow Aphid Tuberolachnus salignus, 14th October 2021 (retained from North Elmham railway (Norfolk, UK), 8th October 2021)
The next individual was a trickier identification as it was not associated with its foodplant - in fact it was on a wooden gatepost in a churchyard where there is no willow growing. However, with a 7.5mm forewing and distinctive appearance I don't think there's anything else it can be.
Giant Willow Aphid Tuberolachnus salignus, St Mary's churchyard, North Elmham, 15th December 2021